Abstract

The hospital environment is considered as a potential reservoir of pathogenic microorganisms responsible of nosocomial infections. The identification of the main sources of contamination is necessary to overcome this major public health problem, especially in intensive care units where patients are more susceptible to nosocomial pathogens. In this context, we conducted a study, realized for the first time, in two intensive care units (adult and neonatal intensive care units) of The Regional Hospital Center of Agadir-Morocco. The first aim of this work was to isolate bacterial strains responsible of nosocomial infections from surfaces, medical equipment and healthcare workers' hands using conventional methods. The second aim was to determinate the antibiotic susceptibility of the identified bacteria by the disk diffusion test. On eighty eight collected samples, 93 bacterial strains belonging to 19 different species were isolated from the studied services. The most frequent strains were Gram negative bacilli (84.21%) with the predominance of Acinetobacter baumannii followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae in both targeted units. The antibiotic susceptibility test showed the presence of 34 multi-drug resistant bacteria. Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were the most dominant in adult intensive care unit (42.8%) and Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae strains (60%) were the most common in neonatal intensive care unit of the studied hospital.