Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one among the foremost prevalent diseases affecting people of both genders and all age groups. The management of UTI relies on the likely etiology of UTI and knowledge of their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Extensive application of antibiotics has led to the emergence of resistant microorganisms. This study was conducted to research the prevalence rate of UTI among patients of different age groups and to analyze the recent antibiotic susceptibility pattern of uropathogen in UTI because the antibiogram of the microorganisms is repeatedly changing. In a prospective study undertaken at Al-Hera General Hospital, Sadar, Sirajganj over a 9 month period, 159 samples from patients suspected of having UTI were analyzed, of which 57 were culture positive. Identification of the isolated bacteria was performed by standard tests, and antibiotic susceptibility was measured by disc diffusion method. The total predominance of UTI was 35.8% of which 78.9% were females and 21.1% were from males. Greater prevalence was detected in females as compared to males. The overall prevalence in females was high in the age range of 21-60 yr (57.8%), followed by 1-20 yr (22.2%) and > 60 yr (20%). In males the frequency is high in 21-40 yr (41.7%); both the age range of 41-60 yr and > 60 yr was 50%, and the rest of 8.3% for the age group of 1-20 yr. From the total 57 uropathogens, E. coli was estimated for 63.1% of all the isolate, followed by Pseudomonas spp. (7%), Proteus spp. (5.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5.2%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (5.2%), Salmonella spp. (3.5%), Serratia spp. (3.5%), Citrobacter frundii (5.2%), and Candida albicans (1.8%). In the present study, the most potent antibiotics were Amikacin, Imipenem, Nitrofurantoin, Meropenem, and Amoxiclav, while on the contrary higher resistance was observed among the commonly used drugs like Cephradine, Amoxicillin, Cotrimoxazole, and Ceftazidime. UTI may be a serious health problem if untreated. Initial diagnosis and immediate treatment will prevent the probabilities of developing further complication of UTI. Both the patient's age and gender can increase accuracy in defining the causative agents and providing a useful guideline to treat UTI. As the drug resistance pattern of the bacterial pathogens of UTI is greatly varied with time, regular surveillance and monitoring are vital for giving updated information to the physician for effective management of UTI.